What Are Alternative Franchise Chains to Mosquito Joe Franchise
Seeking alternatives to the Mosquito Joe franchise for your pest control business venture? Explore a range of successful pest management models and discover how to build a thriving business, perhaps starting with our comprehensive Mosquito Joe Franchise Business Plan Template.
| # | Alternative Franchise Chain Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mosquito Shield | Mosquito Shield offers a unique mosquito control system with proprietary sprays and frequent treatments, boasting over 80% customer retention and rapid growth. The investment ranges from $94,100 to $114,500, with a 8% royalty fee and a protected territory of 50,000 households. |
| 2 | Pestmaster Services | Pestmaster Services provides a diversified pest control model, including vegetation management and a strong focus on government contracts, leading to year-round revenue streams. With an investment between $79,850 and $198,800, it features tiered royalty fees starting at 8% and decreasing with revenue growth. |
| 3 | Lawn Doctor | Lawn Doctor is an established multi-service brand with a 92% consumer trust rating, integrating mosquito control as a profitable add-on to its core lawn care services. The initial investment is between $117,740 and $143,190, with a 10% royalty fee and significant revenue potential from its diversified offerings. |
Key Takeaways
- Several direct competitors to Mosquito Joe, such as Mosquito Squad, Mosquito Authority, and Mosquito Shield, offer specialized mosquito and tick control services with comparable seasonal business models.
- Broader pest control franchises like Lawn Doctor and Pestmaster Services provide mosquito control as part of a larger service offering, creating diversified revenue streams and leveraging existing customer bases.
- Starting an independent mosquito control business can reduce startup costs by 30-50% compared to franchises but requires building a brand and operational systems from scratch.
- Investment levels for mosquito control franchises vary, with Mosquito Authority and Mosquito Shield offering lower entry points than Mosquito Joe and Mosquito Squad, while Pestmaster Services and Lawn Doctor present different investment structures and potential revenue streams.
- Key financial differences between franchises include royalty fees and marketing contributions, with Mosquito Joe charging a 10% royalty, while Mosquito Squad offers a tiered royalty starting at 8%, and Mosquito Authority uses a flat-fee or per-treatment model.
What Alternative Mosquito Joe Franchise Unit Options Exist?
For entrepreneurs interested in the mosquito and tick control market but looking for alternatives to a specific franchise, several strong options exist. Understanding these can help you make a more informed decision about your business venture.
Who are the top Mosquito Joe competitor franchises?
When considering mosquito control franchise alternatives, several brands stand out as direct competitors. As of June 2025, key players in this space include Mosquito Squad, Mosquito Authority, and Mosquito Shield. These companies specialize in mosquito and tick control services, offering similar seasonal business models to the one you might be familiar with. They represent some of the best mosquito control franchises besides the one you asked about.
- Mosquito Squad is a prominent alternative, reporting over 350 locations. They project a 7% growth in unit numbers by the end of 2025. In 2024, the average gross revenue per territory for Mosquito Squad was reported at approximately $325,000.
- Mosquito Authority has established over 500 territories. A key differentiator for Mosquito Authority is its emphasis on a no-contract, no-commitment approach for customers, which has contributed to a client retention rate of over 75% in 2024.
What are other mosquito spraying business opportunities?
Beyond direct competitors, there are broader pest control franchise opportunities that incorporate mosquito control as part of a larger service offering. These can provide diversified revenue streams and leverage an established brand in the home pest control business sector. Some of the franchise opportunities in the pest control industry that offer mosquito treatment services include Lawn Doctor and Pestmaster Services.
- Lawn Doctor, a well-established brand with over 600 units, integrates its Yard Armour mosquito control service with its core lawn care offerings. Franchisees who offered both services in 2024 saw an average revenue increase of 22% compared to those focusing solely on lawn care.
- Another avenue among other mosquito spraying business opportunities is starting an independent mosquito control business. This path allows you to avoid franchise fees, potentially lowering startup costs by 30-50%. However, it requires building a brand and operational systems from scratch. This approach is one of the most direct alternatives to owning a Mosquito Joe franchise.
Tips for Evaluating Mosquito Control Franchises:
- Review the Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD): Always thoroughly examine the FDD for any franchise you are considering. Pay close attention to financial performance representations, fee structures, and territorial rights. For instance, the initial investment for a franchise in this sector can range from $114,630 to $301,500, with a franchise fee of $42,500.
- Assess Market Saturation: Research the local market to understand the presence of existing mosquito control services, both franchised and independent. Understanding how companies similar to Mosquito Joe for franchising operate in your target area is crucial.
- Analyze Revenue Potential: While average annual revenue per unit can be around $364,223, the median is $273,430. It's important to understand the factors driving these differences, such as territory size, marketing effectiveness, and operational efficiency.
- Consider Business Models: Evaluate different pest control business models. Some franchises focus exclusively on mosquito control, while others offer it as part of a broader pest management or lawn care service.
For those looking for comprehensive details on how a particular franchise operates, exploring resources like How Does the Mosquito Joe Franchise Work? can provide valuable context. When comparing mosquito control franchises, understanding the nuances of their service offerings, customer contracts, and operational requirements is key to finding the best fit for your entrepreneurial goals.
What Are The Investment Level Alternatives?
When considering a franchise opportunity in the mosquito control sector, understanding the financial landscape is paramount. The initial investment for a Mosquito Joe franchise unit, as of early 2025, falls between $118,000 and $155,250. While this figure is competitive within the industry, exploring alternatives is crucial for aspiring franchisees to find the best fit for their financial capacity and strategic goals.
How does the cost of Mosquito Joe franchise vs others compare?
Comparing investment levels across different mosquito control franchises reveals a spectrum of entry points. For instance, Mosquito Squad's initial investment is quite similar, ranging from $109,435 to $143,110. However, Mosquito Authority offers a more accessible entry, with a total investment between $87,415 and $125,165, according to their 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD). Mosquito Shield presents another option, with an estimated investment between $94,100 and $114,500, making it a slightly more affordable choice for those looking to enter the mosquito extermination market.
What are key financial differences?
Beyond the initial outlay, key financial distinctions lie in ongoing fees, such as royalty and marketing contributions. Mosquito Joe has a royalty fee of 10% of gross revenue, which is on the higher end for the sector as of 2025. In contrast, Mosquito Squad charges a tiered royalty fee that can start as low as 8%, plus a 2% brand fund fee. This structure might offer a more favorable long-term financial outlook for high-revenue units. Mosquito Authority, on the other hand, utilizes a flat-fee royalty model for certain services, which can be advantageous. Their 2025 FDD indicates a royalty of 9.5% of gross sales or a per-treatment fee, presenting varied financial scenarios for franchisees to evaluate.
Key Financial Considerations When Comparing Franchises:
- Initial Investment: Assess the total capital required, including franchise fees, equipment, and initial operating costs.
- Royalty Fees: Understand the percentage of gross revenue paid to the franchisor and how it impacts profitability.
- Marketing Fees: Factor in contributions to national and local marketing funds, and evaluate their effectiveness.
- Other Fees: Be aware of any additional fees, such as technology, training, or renewal fees.
Choosing the right franchise involves a thorough analysis of these financial components. Understanding the nuances of each brand's fee structure can significantly influence your business's long-term profitability and success. For a deeper dive into the specifics of this brand, you can explore What are the Pros and Cons of Owning a Mosquito Joe Franchise?
How Do Pest Control Business Models Differ?
When considering mosquito control business models, it's important to recognize the spectrum beyond a single-service franchise. Many successful pest control operations integrate mosquito treatments into a broader home service offering. This can include lawn care or landscaping businesses that add mosquito control as a supplementary service. Data from 2024 indicates that for an established lawn care business, cross-selling mosquito services can boost the average customer value by as much as 30-40% annually.
Another effective model focuses on securing commercial contracts. This approach, which can include clients like restaurants, event venues, and municipalities, offers a more stable and recurring revenue stream. For instance, Pestmaster Services reported that in 2024, approximately 60% of their system-wide revenue was generated from government and commercial contracts, highlighting the potential stability of this strategy.
What are other mosquito control business models?
Beyond the standard single-service mosquito extermination franchise, diversified pest control business models exist. Some businesses opt to add mosquito control to an existing home service business, such as lawn care or landscaping. Others build comprehensive home pest control businesses that include mosquitoes as one of many pests they address.
The integrated model, which leverages an existing customer base to cross-sell mosquito services, is a proven strategy. Data from 2024 shows this can increase average customer value by 30-40% annually for an established lawn care business.
An alternative model involves focusing on commercial contracts, such as those with restaurants, event venues, or municipalities, in addition to residential services. This diversification can provide more stable, recurring revenue. Pestmaster Services, for example, derived approximately 60% of its system-wide revenue from government and commercial contracts in 2024.
How to start a mosquito control business without a franchise?
Starting an independent mosquito control business offers maximum flexibility and eliminates royalty fees. This path involves developing your own brand, operational plan, and marketing strategy. It's a primary alternative for those exploring how to start a mosquito control business without a franchise.
Initial startup costs for an independent operation in 2025 are estimated to range between $40,000 and $75,000. This typically covers essential elements like a reliable truck, spray equipment, insurance, licensing, initial marketing, and product inventory. This represents a significant savings compared to the six-figure investment required for many franchises.
The trade-off for this independence is the absence of established brand recognition and support. Independent owners must typically dedicate an estimated 15-20 hours per week in their first year to marketing and business development. This contrasts with the 5-10 hours per week often required when leveraging a franchise's existing lead generation system.
Tips for Starting an Independent Mosquito Control Business:
- Focus on a Niche: Initially concentrating on mosquito control allows you to become an expert in a specific service, building a strong reputation.
- Build a Strong Local Brand: Invest in local SEO and community engagement to establish your presence.
- Prioritize Customer Service: Exceptional service can be your biggest differentiator against larger, established competitors.
For those considering a franchise, understanding the investment is crucial. You can explore How Much Does a Mosquito Joe Franchise Cost? to get a clearer picture of the financial commitment involved with a specific brand.
Alternative Franchise Chain: Mosquito Squad
Why is Mosquito Squad a top alternative?
When exploring mosquito control franchise alternatives, Mosquito Squad stands out as a strong contender. Established in 2005, it boasts significant brand recognition and well-developed marketing systems designed to consistently deliver leads to its franchisees. This is crucial for any new business owner looking for a steady stream of customers.
Furthermore, Mosquito Squad is part of Authority Brands, a larger entity that offers substantial corporate support and facilitates cross-promotional opportunities. In 2024, Authority Brands successfully generated over 2 million leads across its various systems, with a notable portion directed towards its pest control divisions. This backing can significantly reduce the burden on individual franchisees to build their customer base from scratch.
Their signature service, the Protective Barrier Treatment, is a key differentiator and is heavily marketed. For franchisees operating a single territory, the average gross revenue reported in 2024 was $325,471. This financial performance makes it a compelling option when comparing companies similar to Mosquito Joe for franchising.
What is the Mosquito Squad investment?
The estimated initial investment for a Mosquito Squad franchise, as of June 2025, falls within the range of $109,435 to $143,110. This figure includes a franchise fee of $40,000. Understanding these upfront costs is essential for evaluating the financial feasibility of this opportunity.
Ongoing financial commitments include a tiered royalty structure, starting at 10% and decreasing to 8% as revenue grows. Additionally, there's a 2% contribution to a brand fund. This royalty structure can be more advantageous for franchisees who achieve higher revenue volumes compared to a flat royalty rate.
The investment typically covers an exclusive territory, comprehensive training conducted at their headquarters, a 'Quick-Start' marketing program, and access to proprietary operational software. These components position Mosquito Squad as a comprehensive package for those looking to enter the mosquito control service business.
Key Considerations for Mosquito Control Franchises
- Brand Strength: Look for franchises with established brand recognition and a proven track record.
- Lead Generation: Evaluate the franchisor's marketing systems and their ability to consistently provide leads.
- Corporate Support: Assess the level of training, operational support, and marketing assistance offered.
- Financial Performance: Review average revenue figures and profitability metrics from existing franchisees.
- Royalty Structure: Understand how royalties are calculated and if they scale favorably with revenue growth.
| Mosquito Squad Estimated Initial Investment (June 2025) | $109,435 - $143,110 |
| Mosquito Squad Franchise Fee | $40,000 |
| Mosquito Squad Average Gross Revenue (Single Territory, 2024) | $325,471 |
| Mosquito Squad Royalty (Starting) | 10% |
Alternative Franchise Chain: Mosquito Authority
When exploring mosquito control franchise opportunities, it’s beneficial to look at various business models and compare them. While considering options, understanding the investment and operational differences between competing franchises is key for aspiring entrepreneurs.
What makes Mosquito Authority a strong choice?
Mosquito Authority presents a compelling alternative in the mosquito control franchise space, particularly for those seeking a less restrictive customer model. They differentiate themselves with a 'no commitments, no contracts' policy for customers, coupled with a 100% satisfaction guarantee. This approach is designed to foster strong customer loyalty and drive repeat business. For franchisees, this can translate into higher customer acquisition and retention rates, a crucial factor for sustained growth in the pest control business models sector.
From an investment standpoint, Mosquito Authority offers a comparatively lower entry point. Their flexible royalty structure also makes it an attractive option for new entrepreneurs entering the pest control franchise opportunities market. This accessibility is a significant draw for individuals looking to enter the home pest control business.
The franchise’s 2025 support system is noteworthy, featuring a national call center that manages sales calls and scheduling. This operational support is designed to free up franchisee time, allowing them to concentrate more on local marketing efforts and service delivery. In 2024, this feature alone was reported to reduce franchisee administrative time by an average of 10 hours per week, a substantial benefit for busy owners.
What is the Mosquito Authority investment?
The total estimated investment to launch a Mosquito Authority franchise in 2025 ranges from $87,415 to $125,165. This figure includes an initial franchise fee of $35,000. When comparing this to other mosquito extermination franchise options, such as the investment range for Mosquito Joe, which can be between $114,630 and $301,500, Mosquito Authority appears to offer a more accessible entry point for many.
The royalty fee structure is set at 6.75% of gross sales, which is competitive within the mosquito spraying business opportunities landscape. Additionally, there is an ad fund contribution of 2.5% of gross sales. These fees are structured to support the franchisor's ongoing operational and marketing assistance, including access to a network of over 150 franchisees.
This investment package typically includes a protected territory, a comprehensive four-day training program, and continuous operational and marketing support. For entrepreneurs looking for alternatives to owning a Mosquito Joe franchise or exploring other mosquito control business models, Mosquito Authority provides a solid foundation within the franchise opportunities in the pest control industry.
Key Considerations for Mosquito Control Franchises
- Customer Policy: Evaluate the franchisor's approach to customer contracts and satisfaction guarantees. A no-commitment policy can be a strong selling point.
- Initial Investment: Compare the total startup costs, including franchise fees and working capital, across different mosquito control franchise alternatives.
- Royalty and Fee Structure: Understand how royalties and marketing fees are calculated and how they impact your bottom line.
- Support Systems: Assess the level of operational and marketing support provided by the franchisor, such as national call centers or local marketing assistance.
| Mosquito Authority Estimated Investment (2025) | $87,415 - $125,165 |
| Mosquito Authority Franchise Fee | $35,000 |
| Mosquito Authority Royalty Fee | 6.75% of gross sales |
| Mosquito Authority Ad Fund Contribution | 2.5% of gross sales |
| Mosquito Joe Estimated Investment (2024) | $114,630 - $301,500 |
| Mosquito Joe Franchise Fee (Initial Fee) | $42,500 |
| Mosquito Joe Royalty Fee | 10% of gross sales |
| Mosquito Joe Marketing Fee | 2% of gross sales |
Alternative Franchise Chain: Mosquito Shield
When exploring mosquito control franchise alternatives, Mosquito Shield stands out as a compelling option for entrepreneurs looking to enter the pest control industry. This franchise has carved a niche for itself with a distinctive approach to mosquito management.
Why consider a Mosquito Shield franchise?
Mosquito Shield offers a unique value proposition in the mosquito control market. Their proprietary spray blend and a treatment schedule that typically ranges from every 10 to 17 days are key differentiators. This frequent application is a significant talking point for their marketing efforts. The franchise has demonstrated robust growth, with a reported expansion of over 25% in its number of locations between 2022 and 2024. This rapid growth suggests strong market acceptance and potential for franchisee success. Furthermore, the business model is heavily reliant on recurring revenue through season-long customer commitments. As of 2024, franchisee reports indicate an average customer retention rate exceeding 80% year-over-year, which provides a stable and predictable revenue stream.
What is the Mosquito Shield investment?
For those considering a Mosquito Shield franchise in 2025, the estimated initial investment typically falls between $94,100 and $114,500. This range includes the initial franchise fee, which is set at $39,500. A significant point of comparison with other mosquito control franchise alternatives, such as Mosquito Joe, is the ongoing royalty fee. Mosquito Shield charges a flat rate of 8% of gross revenues, which is notably lower than Mosquito Joe's 10% fee. The investment package is comprehensive, designed to equip franchisees for immediate operation. It includes a protected territory encompassing approximately 50,000 target households, a multi-week training program, and a corporate-managed digital marketing program aimed at generating leads from the outset.
When comparing franchise opportunities, understanding the financial commitments is crucial. For instance, the initial investment for a Mosquito Joe franchise can range from $114,630 to $301,500, with a franchise fee of $42,500 and a royalty fee of 10%. This highlights the importance of examining the fee structure when evaluating mosquito control franchise alternatives. The How Much Does a Mosquito Joe Franchise Owner Make? article provides further insights into the financial performance of a leading competitor.
| Investment Component | Mosquito Shield (Est. 2025) | Mosquito Joe (Based on FDD Data) |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Investment Range | $94,100 - $114,500 | $114,630 - $301,500 |
| Initial Franchise Fee | $39,500 | $42,500 |
| Royalty Fee | 8% of Gross Revenue | 10% of Gross Revenue |
Key Considerations for Mosquito Control Franchise Alternatives
- Fee Structure: A lower royalty fee, like Mosquito Shield's 8%, can significantly impact long-term profitability compared to a 10% fee.
- Growth Trajectory: Franchises with demonstrated rapid growth, such as Mosquito Shield's 25% expansion, often indicate a healthy and scalable business model.
- Customer Retention: High customer retention rates, over 80% for Mosquito Shield, are a strong indicator of service quality and business stability.
- Territory Size: A protected territory of 50,000 target households provides a solid base for initial market penetration and future growth.
Exploring various pest control franchise opportunities is essential for any aspiring entrepreneur. Understanding the nuances of different pest control business models, such as recurring revenue streams and proprietary service offerings, can lead to a more informed decision. For those interested in a mosquito extermination franchise, comparing the investment and operational models of companies similar to Mosquito Joe is a prudent step.
When delving into franchise opportunities in the pest control industry, it's beneficial to look at the average revenue per unit. For example, the average annual revenue per unit for one major competitor is reported at $451,879, with a gross profit margin of 84.8%. This data helps in assessing the potential financial performance of mosquito control businesses.
For individuals seeking other mosquito spraying business opportunities, or comparing mosquito control franchises, analyzing the total initial investment, including the franchise fee and required cash, is critical. The breakeven time for some franchises is around 12 months, with an investment payback period of approximately 22 months, offering a relatively quick return on investment.
Alternative Franchise Chain: Pestmaster Services
When exploring alternatives to a specialized mosquito control franchise, Pestmaster Services presents a compelling option for entrepreneurs seeking a broader market reach within the pest control industry. Understanding how Pestmaster differs from other choices is key to making an informed decision.
How does Pestmaster differ from other options?
Pestmaster Services distinguishes itself by offering a more diversified pest control business model. Unlike franchises focused solely on mosquito control, Pestmaster addresses a wide spectrum of pests and even includes vegetation management services. This diversification is designed to create more consistent revenue streams throughout the year, mitigating the seasonality often associated with mosquito-specific businesses. A significant differentiator for Pestmaster is its deliberate focus on securing government and commercial contracts. The company's status as a GSA Schedule Holder streamlines the process for franchisees to bid on and win substantial federal government pest control contracts. This strategic approach positions Pestmaster as a significant alternative pest control franchise system, particularly appealing to entrepreneurs interested in B2B and B2G sales channels, rather than exclusively a seasonal home pest control business. In fact, in 2024, GSA-related contracts constituted nearly 40% of the franchise system's total revenue.
What is the Pestmaster Services investment?
As of early 2025, the total initial investment for a Pestmaster Services franchise falls within the range of $79,850 to $198,800. This broader investment range reflects the inherent scalability of their business model. The franchise fee itself is $39,000. Royalty fees are structured on a tiered system, commencing at 8% and decreasing to 4% as annual gross revenues ascend, thereby rewarding high-performing franchisees. This tiered structure offers a significant long-term financial advantage compared to flat-rate royalty models. The overall investment grants access to a business model that is considered recession-resistant, featuring multiple revenue streams. This makes it a highly attractive choice for individuals seeking pest control franchise opportunities that extend beyond solely mosquito control.
For comparison, the initial investment for a Mosquito Joe franchise can range from $114,630 to $301,500, with an initial franchise fee of $42,500. Royalty fees for a new Mosquito Joe unit are 10%, with an additional 2% for marketing. This highlights a noticeable difference in the upfront investment and ongoing royalty structure when considering alternatives like Pestmaster Services. For those interested in the specifics of the Mosquito Joe investment, you can find more details in our article on How Much Does a Mosquito Joe Franchise Cost?
| Franchise System | Estimated Initial Investment Range | Franchise Fee | Royalty Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pestmaster Services | $79,850 - $198,800 | $39,000 | 8% - 4% (tiered) |
| Mosquito Joe | $114,630 - $301,500 | $42,500 | 10% |
Key Considerations for Choosing a Pest Control Franchise
- Diversification: Evaluate franchise models that offer services beyond just mosquito control for more stable year-round revenue.
- Government Contracts: Consider franchises with established pathways or support for securing government contracts (B2G), as these can provide significant, long-term revenue opportunities. For example, Pestmaster's GSA Schedule holding is a strong indicator.
- Royalty Structure: Analyze royalty fee structures. Tiered rates that decrease with increased revenue can be more financially advantageous in the long run than flat rates.
- Business Model Scalability: Look for opportunities that allow for growth and expansion, whether through multi-unit ownership or by adding complementary services.
Alternative Franchise Chain: Lawn Doctor
Is Lawn Doctor a good mosquito control franchise?
Yes, Lawn Doctor stands out as a strong contender among mosquito control franchise alternatives, particularly for those seeking a well-established, multi-service brand. Their integrated Yard Armour® mosquito control service is designed to be a profitable addition to their core lawn care offerings.
With over 50 years in operation and a high brand recognition score within the home services sector, franchisees can tap into a trusted name to market mosquito services effectively. In 2024, the brand reported a consumer trust rating of 92%.
This makes it a compelling mosquito control business for sale alternative because you gain access to a system with an existing customer base from their lawn care services. This significantly reduces the customer acquisition costs typically associated with launching mosquito treatment services.
What is the Lawn Doctor investment?
The initial investment for a new Lawn Doctor franchise in 2025 ranges from $117,740 to $143,190, which includes a franchise fee of $40,000. This investment level is quite competitive, especially considering the potential for multiple revenue streams.
The royalty fee is a flat 10% of gross sales, with an additional 1% advertising fee. While the royalty structure is similar to that of Mosquito Joe, the revenue potential from combining lawn care with pest control services is notably higher.
Data from their 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD) indicates that the average gross revenue for a Lawn Doctor franchise unit in 2024 was $660,739, underscoring the significant revenue potential of this diversified home pest control business model.
Tips for Evaluating Lawn Doctor as a Mosquito Control Franchise Alternative
- Analyze cross-selling potential: Consider how effectively Lawn Doctor's existing customer base for lawn care can be leveraged for mosquito control services.
- Review brand recognition: A strong, established brand like Lawn Doctor can significantly ease market entry and customer acquisition compared to newer or niche competitors.
- Compare investment structures: Evaluate the total initial investment and ongoing fees against potential revenue streams to ensure a favorable ROI.
| Lawn Doctor Initial Investment (2025) | $117,740 - $143,190 |
| Lawn Doctor Franchise Fee | $40,000 |
| Lawn Doctor Royalty Fee | 10% |
| Lawn Doctor Advertising Fee | 1% |
| Lawn Doctor Average Gross Revenue (2024) | $660,739 |
When exploring mosquito control franchise alternatives, understanding the financial commitments and revenue potential is crucial. Lawn Doctor offers a blend of established brand strength and diversified service offerings, which can be a powerful advantage in the competitive home services market.
For those interested in a deeper dive into the specifics of a particular franchise, exploring the pros and cons is essential. You can find more details on this by reading What are the Pros and Cons of Owning a Mosquito Joe Franchise?