What Are Some Alternatives to The Habit Burger Grill Franchise?

Get Franchise Bundle
Get Full Bundle:
$79 $49
$99 $79
$49 $29

TOTAL:

What Are Alternative Franchise Chains to The Habit Burger Grill Franchise


Considering alternatives to a burger franchise like The Habit Burger Grill? If you're exploring the fast-casual dining landscape, understanding the market nuances and investment opportunities is key to making an informed decision. Discover diverse franchise models that align with your business goals and financial aspirations.

What Are Some Alternatives to The Habit Burger Grill Franchise?
# Alternative Franchise Chain Name Description
1 Culver's

Culver's is a top fast-casual option known for its high AUV and strong franchisee satisfaction, driven by its popular ButterBurgers and Fresh Frozen Custard.

With a unique owner-operator model and an investment ranging from $25 million to $58 million, it's a compelling choice for well-capitalized investors seeking significant ROI.

2 Smashburger

Smashburger offers a modern, customizable 'smashed' burger concept, backed by Jollibee Foods Corporation, with a presence in over 35 states and 9 countries.

The total investment is between $950,000 and $21 million, making it an attractive mid-tier option for entrepreneurs in the burger industry.

3 Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers

Freddy's boasts rapid growth and a dual-revenue stream from steakburgers and frozen custard, complemented by nostalgic 1950s-era branding that appeals to families.

With an initial investment between $850,000 and $1,950,000 and a strong drive-thru component, it presents a financially accessible opportunity with proven profitability.





Key Takeaways

  • The fast-casual burger franchise landscape offers numerous alternatives to The Habit Burger Grill, including Five Guys, Shake Shack, Culver's, Smashburger, and Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers, each with distinct menu offerings and investment requirements.
  • While The Habit Burger Grill has strong West Coast recognition, competitors like Culver's boast a broader national presence, and Freddy's is experiencing rapid growth, indicating diverse market penetration strategies among burger franchises.
  • Average Unit Volume (AUV) is a critical factor for investors, with brands like Shake Shack reporting AUVs exceeding $40 million and Culver's over $31 million, offering significant potential returns compared to The Habit Burger Grill's approximate $19 million AUV.
  • Investment costs vary significantly, with options ranging from the more accessible Wayback Burgers (starting around $450,000) to the higher-tier Shake Shack (estimated $25 million to $45 million), providing a spectrum for different capital capacities.
  • Key considerations for investing in burger franchises include the parent company's support (e.g., Yum! Brands for Habit Burger), brand recognition, menu diversity, operational model, and the critical analysis of Item 19 (Financial Performance Representation) in franchise disclosure documents for potential ROI.


What Alternative The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit Options Exist?

What are the best burger franchises besides The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit?

When exploring franchise opportunities in the fast-casual burger sector, several strong contenders stand out as excellent alternatives to The Habit Burger Grill. As of June 2025, key players include Five Guys, Shake Shack, Culver's, Smashburger, and Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers. Each of these offers a distinct menu and operational approach, catering to different investor preferences and market demands.

While The Habit Burger Grill has built a solid brand presence, particularly along the West Coast, looking at the broader national footprint of competitors is crucial. For instance, Culver's has expanded significantly, boasting over 950 locations nationwide by early 2025. Similarly, Freddy's has demonstrated impressive growth, surpassing 500 units. When evaluating the best burger franchises to own, investors often scrutinize Average Unit Volume (AUV). In 2024, Culver's reported AUVs exceeding $3.1 million, and company-owned Shake Shack locations, which serve as a benchmark for their franchise model, averaged over $4 million. These figures are highly compelling for those interested in investing in the burger industry.

What other burger chains offer franchises?

The landscape of burger franchise opportunities is quite extensive, offering a spectrum of investment levels and operational models beyond the most recognized names. Chains like Mooyah, BurgerFi, and Wayback Burgers provide additional avenues for entrepreneurs looking to enter the market. For example, Wayback Burgers, with over 170 locations as of early 2025, presents a more accessible entry point, with initial investment costs starting around $450,000. This contrasts with larger brands and offers a different financial profile for potential franchisees.

For those seeking franchise opportunities similar to Habit Burger, BurgerFi stands out with its focus on premium, all-natural ingredients. In 2024, BurgerFi's initial investment typically ranged from $629,000 to $976,000. The franchise also has a royalty fee of 5%, which is in line with many other premium burger concepts. Understanding these financial details is key when considering how to invest in a burger franchise. You can learn more about the specifics of owning a Habit Burger Grill franchise by reviewing What are the Pros and Cons of Owning a The Habit Burger Grill Franchise?


Key Considerations When Evaluating Burger Franchise Alternatives

  • Investment Range: Compare the total initial investment required, which for The Habit Burger Grill can range from $1,658,000 to $2,849,000, against alternatives like Wayback Burgers starting around $450,000 or BurgerFi between $629,000 and $976,000.
  • Unit Economics: Analyze Average Unit Volume (AUV) and profitability metrics. For instance, while The Habit Burger Grill's average revenue per unit was approximately $1.92 million in 2023, competitors like Culver's report AUVs over $3.1 million.
  • Brand Strength and Market Presence: Consider the brand's recognition, customer loyalty, and geographical reach. Some brands may have a stronger regional presence, while others offer a more widespread national footprint.
  • Operational Support and Training: Evaluate the franchisor's support system, including training programs, marketing assistance, and supply chain management, to ensure a smooth transition into franchise ownership.



What Are The Investment Level Alternatives?

When considering franchise opportunities in the burger sector, understanding the varying investment levels is crucial for aligning your financial capacity with your business aspirations. The estimated Habit Burger Grill franchise investment cost, ranging from $18 million to $25 million as of early 2025, positions it at the higher end for fast casual burger franchises. This significant investment reflects the brand's established presence and operational scale.

How does The Habit Burger Grill franchise investment cost compare?

Comparing investment costs among burger franchise opportunities reveals a broad spectrum. For instance, Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers presents a potentially lower entry point, with an estimated initial investment between $850,000 and $1,950,000 in 2025. Similarly, Smashburger requires an investment of approximately $950,000 to $21 million. These figures underscore the importance of evaluating capital requirements when deciding how to invest in a burger franchise and exploring alternatives to owning a Habit Burger franchise.

What is the typical ROI for burger restaurant franchises?

The potential Return on Investment (ROI) for burger restaurant franchises is quite varied, but top-tier performers in the fast-casual segment often achieve payback within 3 to 5 years. This timeline is heavily influenced by factors such as location selection, effective management, and the Average Unit Volume (AUV). For example, based on 2024 Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD) data, a brand like Culver's, boasting an AUV exceeding $31 million, demonstrates substantial ROI potential. A franchisee could potentially realize annual profits (EBITDA) in the range of 15-20% of sales, translating to approximately $465,000 to $620,000 per unit before accounting for debt service and taxes.

For those looking to invest in fast casual dining franchises, a thorough analysis of Item 19 (Financial Performance Representation) in the FDD is essential. Freddy's, for example, reported a 2023 average gross sales for its top 25% of traditional franchised restaurants at $2,451,198, highlighting the high-end potential within this segment of burger franchise opportunities.


Tips for Evaluating Franchise Investments:

  • Analyze the FDD: Pay close attention to Item 19 for financial performance representations and Item 7 for estimated initial investments.
  • Compare Unit Economics: Look at AUV, EBITDA margins, and payback periods across different burger franchise opportunities.
  • Consider Your Capital: Ensure the required investment aligns with your available funds and financing options.
  • Research the Market: Understand the competitive landscape for fast casual burger franchises in your target area.

When comparing franchise options for burger lovers, it's important to note that the cost to open a burger franchise can vary significantly. For instance, the provided FDD data indicates a lower initial investment range for a particular franchise system, from $1,658,000 to $2,849,000, with a franchise fee of $35,000. This system also has a royalty fee of 5.5% and a marketing fee of 2%. The required cash for this opportunity is between $1,658,000 and $2,849,000, with a net worth requirement of $500,000. The average annual revenue per unit is reported at $1,919,000, with a median of $1,855,000. Interestingly, the breakeven time is estimated at 12 months, with an investment payback projected at 24 months. The number of franchised units has grown from 31 in 2021 to 59 in 2023, while corporate units have increased from 276 to 307 in the same period. The average P&L shows an EBITDA of $276,169, representing 14.0% of revenue.



Is A Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit A Good Investment In 2025?

What are the pros of a The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit?

One of the significant advantages of considering a Habit Burger Grill franchise is the robust support system provided by its parent company, Yum! Brands. This backing translates into substantial resources for marketing, supply chain management, and overall operational guidance, which is a key consideration when evaluating franchise opportunities. As of late 2024, the brand's Average Unit Volume (AUV) for traditional locations was approximately $19 million, a strong indicator within the competitive burger franchise landscape.

The Habit Burger Grill has cultivated a dedicated customer following, largely due to its signature 'Charburger' and a reputation for serving fresh, made-to-order meals. Beyond its core burger offerings, the menu extends to include salads, sandwiches, and shakes. This variety can lead to higher average ticket prices and appeal to a broader customer base, setting it apart from some more specialized fast casual burger franchises.

What are the cons of a The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit?

A primary deterrent for some potential franchisees is the substantial initial investment required. The Habit Burger Grill franchise investment cost can reach up to $2.849 million, positioning it among the higher-tier investment options in the burger restaurant sector. This makes it crucial to carefully compare franchise investment costs when exploring alternatives to owning a Habit Burger franchise.

As of 2025, the franchising model for this brand is heavily geared towards multi-unit development agreements, primarily targeting experienced operators. This strategic focus presents a high barrier to entry for individuals seeking their first single-unit burger franchise opportunity or those new to the franchise world. Understanding these requirements is vital for anyone looking at how to invest in a burger franchise.

While the brand enjoys strong brand recognition on the West Coast, its national presence is less established when compared to some major competitors. This can necessitate a more significant marketing investment and a potentially longer period for brand establishment in new territories. For those considering franchise options for burger lovers, this difference in market penetration is a key factor in a restaurant franchise comparison.


Key Considerations for Investing in a Burger Franchise

  • Financial Commitment: The total initial investment for a Habit Burger Grill franchise ranges from $1.66 million to $2.85 million. This figure includes a franchise fee of $35,000.
  • Revenue Potential: Average annual revenue per unit is reported around $1.92 million, with a median of approximately $1.86 million.
  • Operational Costs: Be prepared for royalty fees of 5.5% and marketing fees of 2% of gross sales.
  • Market Penetration: Assess the brand's recognition in your target market. While strong on the West Coast, national brand awareness may influence initial customer acquisition.
  • Franchisee Profile: The franchisor often prioritizes experienced operators for multi-unit development, which can impact accessibility for first-time franchisees.

When exploring alternatives to owning a Habit Burger franchise, it's beneficial to look at other top fast casual restaurant franchises for sale. Understanding the ROI for burger restaurant franchises across different brands can provide a clearer picture. For instance, comparing the Habit Burger Grill vs Shake Shack franchise models, or investigating other fast casual burger franchises, can reveal different investment profiles and market opportunities.

The growth trajectory of franchised units is noteworthy, increasing from 31 in 2021 to 59 in 2023, indicating expansion. However, the number of corporate units remains significantly higher, at 307 in 2023. This suggests a strong corporate presence and potentially a different strategic focus for company-owned versus franchised locations. For those interested in the financial aspects, understanding how much does a Habit Burger Grill franchise owner make is crucial before diving into franchise opportunities similar to Habit Burger.



Five Guys

Is Five Guys a strong Habit Burger competitor franchise?

Yes, Five Guys stands out as one of the most direct and formidable competitors if you're considering alternatives to a Habit Burger franchise. It's renowned for its straightforward, high-quality menu and boasts a loyal customer base. As of early 2025, Five Guys operates over 1,800 locations globally, a significantly larger and more established presence than The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Unit. This extensive footprint translates to substantial brand recognition, a key competitive advantage in the fast-casual burger market.

When you look at a restaurant franchise comparison, Five Guys' operational model is notably simpler, concentrating primarily on burgers and fries. While its Average Unit Volume (AUV) is strong, often reported to be between $12 million and $15 million in 2024, its food costs can lean higher, typically ranging from 32-34% of sales. This is primarily due to their commitment to using fresh, never-frozen ingredients.

What is the cost to open a Five Guys franchise?

The estimated total investment to open a Five Guys franchise in 2025 falls within the range of approximately $450,000 to $980,000. This makes it a more accessible option compared to the investment required for some other burger franchises. The initial franchise fee is $25,000. Ongoing fees include a royalty fee of 6% of gross sales, plus an additional 2% contribution to the marketing fund. These figures are generally in line with industry standards for leading fast-casual restaurant franchises. It's worth noting that the brand often requires multi-unit development commitments in most available territories, which can be a factor for entrepreneurs looking to scale.


Key Considerations for Five Guys

  • Market Presence: With over 1,800 locations globally as of early 2025, Five Guys offers significant brand recognition.
  • Investment Range: The total initial investment of $450,000 to $980,000 can be more approachable for some entrepreneurs compared to other high-end burger franchises.
  • Operational Simplicity: A focused menu on burgers and fries can streamline operations, though higher food costs are associated with fresh ingredients.
  • Multi-Unit Commitment: Be prepared for potential requirements to develop multiple units in your territory.

Initial Investment Range $450,000 - $980,000
Franchise Fee $25,000
Royalty Fee 6%
Marketing Fee 2%
Estimated Food Costs 32-34%


Shake Shack

Habit Burger Grill vs Shake Shack Franchise Comparison

When considering alternatives to The Habit Burger Grill franchise, Shake Shack presents a distinct profile. It's positioned as a more premium, 'fine-casual' brand, with a strong appeal to urban demographics and millennials. This contrasts with The Habit Burger Grill, which operates as a more traditional fast-casual concept.

For context, Shake Shack's average unit volume (AUV) for its company-operated stores significantly outpaced The Habit Burger Grill's in 2024, exceeding $40 million, which is nearly double that of The Habit Burger Grill. However, it's crucial to note that Shake Shack only began its US franchising program in 2023, focusing on a highly selective, multi-unit development model. This approach means it's not a direct, accessible alternative for the average aspiring franchisee looking for a similar entry point as The Habit Burger Grill.

The investment required for a Shake Shack unit is substantial, estimated to be between $25 million and $45 million per unit. This high cost reflects the brand's premium build-outs and its requirement for prime real estate locations, making it a considerably higher-cost alternative.

Is Shake Shack One of the Best Burger Franchises to Own?

Shake Shack is frequently cited as one of the premier burger franchises for well-capitalized, experienced multi-unit operators. This reputation is built on its exceptionally high AUVs and robust brand equity. The brand's franchise program, launched in 2023, is notably limited and highly selective, specifically targeting sophisticated operating partners for large territories. Consequently, it differs significantly from typical franchise opportunities available to the average investor, unlike the more accessible model of brands like Habit Burger.

While the potential for profitability is immense, the barrier to entry is exceptionally high. This includes a substantial initial investment, a royalty fee of 55%, and stringent operational standards. As of 2025, these factors place Shake Shack among the franchises with the highest entry requirements in the entire restaurant industry.


Key Considerations for High-End Burger Franchises

  • Market Appeal: Evaluate brands with strong, differentiated market positioning, particularly those resonating with desirable demographics.
  • Financial Benchmarks: Analyze AUVs and profit margins, understanding how they correlate with investment costs. For instance, while The Habit Burger Grill has an average annual revenue of approximately $1.9 million, Shake Shack's company-operated stores reported AUVs exceeding $40 million in 2024.
  • Franchise Model: Understand the franchisor's approach to expansion – whether it's broad accessibility or selective, multi-unit development.

Metric The Habit Burger Grill (Example) Shake Shack (2024 Benchmarks)
AUV Approx. $1.9 million (Avg. Revenue per Unit) Exceeds $40 million
Positioning Fast-Casual Fine-Casual / Premium
Franchising Approach Established franchise program Highly selective, multi-unit focus (launched 2023)
Estimated Investment $1.66M - $2.85M $25M - $45M per unit


Culver's

Why is Culver's a top fast casual restaurant for sale?

Culver's stands out as a premier fast casual burger franchise for several compelling reasons. Its industry-leading Average Unit Volume (AUV) is a significant draw, demonstrating strong revenue generation potential for franchisees. Coupled with high franchisee satisfaction and a menu that resonates with customers, particularly its signature ButterBurgers and Fresh Frozen Custard, Culver's offers a robust business model.

In 2024, Culver's AUV across its more than 950 locations surpassed $31 million. This figure is remarkably high within the burger franchise sector, directly contributing to enhanced profitability for its owners. It's a key indicator of the brand's market strength and operational efficiency.

The brand's commitment to a unique owner-operator model, where the primary franchisee is actively involved in daily operations, fosters high standards and excellent unit-level economics. This hands-on approach is a cornerstone of why it's considered one of the best burger franchises to own.


Tips for Evaluating Top Burger Franchises

  • Analyze AUV: Look for brands with consistently high Average Unit Volumes, as this often correlates with strong profitability.
  • Franchisee Satisfaction: Research franchisee reviews and satisfaction scores to gauge the franchisor's support and the overall ownership experience.
  • Menu Popularity: A well-loved and unique menu can be a significant competitive advantage in the fast-casual space.

How does Culver's investment compare to other burger franchises?

The investment required to open a new Culver's restaurant, as of 2025, typically ranges from $25 million to $58 million. This positions Culver's at the higher end of the investment spectrum, even exceeding the estimated franchise investment cost for The Habit Burger Grill. This higher investment is largely due to the larger physical footprint required for their drive-thru and dining room setups, often involving ground-up construction.

The initial franchise fee for Culver's is $55,000. While the upfront capital is substantial, the financial performance detailed in their Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD) presents a compelling case for well-capitalized investors aiming for a strong Return on Investment (ROI) in the burger restaurant franchise market.

Investment Range Franchise Fee AUV (2024)
$25M - $58M $55,000 >$31M

For comparison, The Habit Burger Grill franchise investment cost typically falls between $1,658,000 and $2,849,000, with a franchise fee of $35,000. This significant difference highlights Culver's as a more substantial investment, typically suited for experienced multi-unit operators or those with significant capital ready to deploy into top-tier fast casual burger franchises.

When considering alternatives to owning a Habit Burger franchise, Culver's presents a high-barrier-to-entry, high-reward opportunity. It's important for potential franchisees to compare burger franchise investments carefully, understanding that higher initial investments often align with higher revenue potential, but also require greater financial capacity.



Smashburger

Is Smashburger a popular Habit Burger franchise alternative?

Yes, Smashburger stands out as a highly popular alternative for those considering Habit Burger franchise alternatives. It appeals to entrepreneurs seeking a modern, fast-casual brand centered around its signature 'smashed' burger. Many find its investment level to be slightly more accessible compared to The Habit Burger Grill franchise unit, making it a compelling choice in the competitive burger franchise landscape.

With significant backing from Jollibee Foods Corporation, Smashburger benefits from robust international support. As of late 2024, the brand boasts a presence in over 35 states and 9 countries, showcasing a solid foundation for continued expansion and offering a stable platform for franchisees. This broad reach positions it well among top fast casual restaurant franchises for sale.

Smashburger directly competes within the premium or 'better-burger' segment. For the 2023-2024 period, the reported Average Unit Volume (AUV) for its traditional locations hovered around $11 million. While this offers a strong revenue profile, it's generally considered a more modest figure when compared to some of the higher-investment competitors in the market.

What is the investment to open a Smashburger?

The estimated total investment required to open a Smashburger franchise in 2025 ranges from $950,000 to $21 million. This broad spectrum provides a more moderate investment tier for individuals exploring franchise opportunities similar to Habit Burger, especially those looking to invest in the burger industry.

The initial franchise fee for Smashburger is $40,000. Ongoing financial commitments include a royalty fee of 5% of gross sales and a marketing fund contribution capped at 4%. These fee structures are quite competitive within the fast casual dining franchises sector.

This investment bracket makes Smashburger an attractive mid-tier option for entrepreneurs who possess substantial capital but may not meet the higher financial thresholds of some of the most premium burger franchises. It offers a viable route for those interested in how to invest in a burger franchise without the absolute highest entry costs.


Tips for Evaluating Smashburger as a Franchise Alternative

  • Compare Investment Tiers: While Smashburger's range is broad, understanding where your capital fits is crucial. Compare this range to The Habit Burger Grill franchise investment cost, which typically falls between $1,658,000 and $2,849,000, to gauge the difference in capital outlay.
  • Analyze AUV vs. Investment: Consider the reported AUV of around $11 million for Smashburger against its investment range. This helps in assessing the potential return on investment for burger restaurant franchises.
  • Research Market Saturation: Investigate the presence of Smashburger locations in your target market. Understanding its footprint relative to other Habit Burger competitors franchise can inform your market entry strategy.

Franchise Fee $40,000
Royalty Fee 5%
Marketing Fee 4%
Estimated Total Investment $950,000 - $21 million

When looking at best burger franchises to own, it's essential to conduct a thorough restaurant franchise comparison. For instance, The Habit Burger Grill, as per its 2023 data, had an average annual revenue per unit of approximately $1,966,169, with a Gross Profit Margin of about 20.3%. Understanding these metrics for both brands helps in making an informed decision on investing in fast casual dining franchises.

For those exploring what other burger chains offer franchises, Smashburger presents a strong case. Its international presence and backing by a major food corporation provide a level of stability that is appealing. This contrasts with brands that might have a more limited footprint or less established corporate support, making Smashburger a solid choice for those interested in franchise opportunities in the burger industry.

The decision to invest in a franchise like Smashburger should be based on a comprehensive analysis of your financial capacity and market goals. It's about finding the right fit among various burger franchise opportunities. For a deeper dive into the specifics of opening a similar concept, you can review the steps involved in starting a Habit Burger Grill franchise here: How to Start a The Habit Burger Grill Franchise in 7 Steps: Checklist.



Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers

When exploring franchise opportunities similar to The Habit Burger Grill, Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers emerges as a compelling alternative. This brand offers a unique blend of classic American fare and a nostalgic brand experience, making it a standout in the fast-casual burger market.

Why is Freddy's a strong franchise opportunity?

Freddy's presents a robust franchise opportunity driven by several key factors. Its rapid growth trajectory is notable, having expanded to over 500 locations by early 2025. This expansion is supported by strong unit-level performance, with reported Average Unit Volumes (AUVs) for traditional restaurants featuring drive-thrus reaching $1,941,632 in their 2024 Franchise Disclosure Document (FDD). The brand's dual-revenue stream, combining steakburgers and frozen custard, caters to a broad customer base. Furthermore, its distinctive 1950s-era branding creates a memorable and family-friendly atmosphere, which contributes to its widespread appeal. For franchisees looking for opportunities akin to Habit Burger, Freddy's offers a model with a significant emphasis on drive-thru sales, which consistently account for over 70% of revenue at many of its locations, highlighting its resilience and profitability.

What is the cost of a Freddy's franchise?

The initial investment for a Freddy's franchise in 2025 is estimated to fall within the range of $850,000 to $1,950,000. This makes it a more financially accessible entry point compared to some other burger franchise investment levels. The initial franchise fee is $30,000, with a royalty fee set at 4.5% of gross sales. This fee structure is competitive within the better-burger segment. When considering the balance between cost and potential return, the combination of these investment figures and the brand's strong AUVs makes Freddy's a frequently recommended option for those asking about the best burger franchises besides Habit Burger.


Tips for Evaluating Burger Franchise Alternatives:

  • Analyze AUVs: Look beyond the initial investment and examine the Average Unit Volumes reported in the FDD. A higher AUV often indicates stronger sales potential.
  • Assess the Drive-Thru Component: In today's market, a robust drive-thru operation is crucial. Evaluate how each franchise leverages this sales channel.
  • Consider Brand Resonance: A strong, unique brand identity can significantly impact customer loyalty and appeal.
  • Compare Royalty and Marketing Fees: Understand the ongoing costs associated with operating the franchise and how they compare to industry benchmarks.

For a deeper understanding of how similar concepts operate, you can explore How Does The Habit Burger Grill Franchise Work? to establish a baseline for comparison.

Franchise Opportunity Estimated Initial Investment (2025) Royalty Fee Average Unit Volume (AUV)
Freddy's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers $850,000 - $1,950,000 4.5% $1,941,632 (2024 FDD)
The Habit Burger Grill (Benchmark) $1,658,000 - $2,849,000 (FDD Data) 5.5% $1,966,169 (Average P&L)